Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy(Cerebral Hypoxia; HIE)Pronounced: hye-POK-sik is-KEM-ik en-sef-a-lo-path-ee
by
Cynthia M. Johnson, MA DefinitionHypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a brain injury. It happens when the brain does not get enough oxygen. HIE can cause death. Brain cells start to die after 4 minutes without oxygen.
CausesMany health problems can a lack of oxygen to the brain. Some common causes are:
Risk FactorsAny injury or health problem that causes the brain to have a drop in blood flow and oxygen is a risk factor for HIE. SymptomsYou may have:
DiagnosisA physical exam will be done. A health history is the biggest factor in making the diagnosis. Blood tests may be done. Pictures may need to be taken of your body. This can be done with: Your heart and brain may be tested. This can be done with:
TreatmentTreatment depends on the cause of HIE. It also depends on how severe the damage is to the brain. You may have:
PreventionHIE can’t be prevented. RESOURCES:Brain Injury Association of America http://www.biausa.org National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke https://www.ninds.nih.gov CANADIAN RESOURCES:Health Canada https://www.canada.ca Ontario Brain Injury Association http://www.obia.on.ca References:Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Neurographics website. Available at: ...(Click grey area to select URL) Accessed June 22, 2018. Itoo BA, Al-Hawsawi ZM, Khan AH. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Incidence and risk factors in North Western Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2003;24(2):147-153. MacDonald S. Brain injury secondary to carotid intervention.
J Endovasc Ther. 2007;14(2):219-231. Last reviewed May 2018 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Rimas Lukas, MD Last Updated: 6/22/2018 | |
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