Definition

An elbow fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that make up the elbow joint.

The Elbow Joint Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Causes

This injury is caused by trauma from:

• Falling directly on the elbow
• A direct blow to the elbow
• Falling on an outstretched arm
• A motor vehicle accident

Risk Factors

Things that may raise your risk are:

• Having a health problem that may result in falls, such as weak muscles
• Playing some sports, such as football, hockey, wrestling, or gymnastics

Symptoms

Symptoms may be:

• Pain that is worse with movement
• Swelling and bruising
• Problems moving the arm
• Numbness in the fingers, hand, or arm
• A change in the way the elbow looks

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. You will also be asked how the injury happened. An exam will be done that will focus on your elbow.

Images may be taken of your elbow. This can be done with:

• X-rays
• CT scan

Treatment

It will take eight to ten weeks to heal. The goals of treatment are to manage pain and support the bone as it heals. This may include:

• Medicine to ease pain
• A cast, splint, or sling to keep the elbow in place as it heals
• Exercises to help with strength and range of motion

Children's bones have growth plates that let bones grow and harden with age. A child with a fracture may need to be checked over time to make sure the bone heals the right way and keeps growing.

Prevention

Most fractures are due to accidents. Healthy muscles may prevent injury. This may be done through exercise.